87 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
Executable File
87 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
Executable File
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Bito is a programming language that aims to be easy to work with. Bito only
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accepts ones and zeroes. All other characters will be ignored. A command in
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Bito consists of two parts, the first part consisting of 1 bit and the second
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part consisting of three bits. All first parts must be written from left to
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right, while all last parts must be written from right to left. A last part
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consisting of 011 must thus be written 110.
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Bito saves data in a list containing an infinite numbers of memory cells. A
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cell can hold only any number above or equal to 0. There are no limits on how
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large numbers can be.
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Tip: Writing comments with ones and zeroes will make code more difficult to
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understand. Try to replace ones with uppercase "i"s and zeroes with
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uppercase "o"s.
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Available commands:
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0 xxx Append xxx to current memory cell (as a string)
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1 000 Print current number
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1 001 Print current number as ASCII
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1 010 Increment memory cell index
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1 011 Decrement memory cell index
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1 100 Start loop
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1 101 Restart or end loop
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1 110 Add value of previous cell to current cell (as an integer)
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1 111 Write input from stdin to next cells and write length to current cell
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Trying to print an unset number will result in an error. Trying to print a
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number not in the ASCII range as ASCII text will also result in an error.
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Loops will run the times specified by the current cell. If the value of the
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current cell is either unset, 0 or 1, the loop will run only once, i.e. it will
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not act as a loop. Specifying the value 2 or above will thereby make it a loop.
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Because infinite loops are not possible in Bito, Bito does not suffer from the
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Halting Problem.
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Ending a loop when no loop has been started will not result in an error, nor
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will starting a loop without ending it do so (though the loop will, in those
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cases, not function as a loop). Also, nested loops cannot exist. When a loop
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has been started, all subsequent attempt to start a new loop will be ignored,
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until the loop has ended.
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Trying to add the value of a previous cell to the current cell will result in
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an error if the current cell is unset. If a previous cell is unset, its value
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is -1, which makes it ideal for use in subtracting numbers.
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How to print an "N" (ASCII 78, binary ASCII 1001110):
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Short version:
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0001100011100100
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Long version:
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0 Current cell: OOI
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0 Current cell: OOIOOI
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0 Current cell: OOIOOIIIO (i.e. IOOIIIO)
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1 Print ASCII 78 (N)
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100
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011
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100
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100
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Saving ones and zeroes as ASCII is meaningless, as it takes up much more space
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than needed. It is therefore recommended to convert every 8 characters into a
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byte. This will greatly reduce filesizes. If the number of characters in a file
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isn't directly dividable with 8 (4, 12, 132, etc.), just append a command that
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does not affect the the script too much -- like ending a loop (1 101). If this
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command is called outside a loop, nothing will happen.
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The above N-printing program would, in byte-form, take up two bytes instead of
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its current 16 bytes. It would save the first byte with 24 as its value and the
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second byte with 224 as its value (this is theoretically speaking -- as
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compressed Bito files are basically still text files, it is normal to have a
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newline character appended at the end of a file).
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To run Bito programs, you can use the bitopret.py interpreter found in the
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'interpreter' directory. This interpreter also functions as a Bito file packer,
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i.e. it can compress Bito files.
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You will find a set of example programs in the 'examples' subdirectory.
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The Bito programming language was created by Niels Serup (metanohi.org). You
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can contact Niels a <ns@metanohi.name>.
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Updates to Bito are likely to appear at <http://metanohi.org/projects/bito/>.
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This readme was written by Niels and was put into the public domain by him.
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Date: 27 July 2009
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