100 lines
4.3 KiB
HTML
100 lines
4.3 KiB
HTML
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<title>Operators - Enigma</title>
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<meta name="description" content="Enigma">
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<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
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<link rel="up" href="Language.html#Language" title="Language">
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<link rel="prev" href="Language.html#Language" title="Language">
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<link rel="next" href="Numbers.html#Numbers" title="Numbers">
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<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage">
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<!--
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This manual is for Enigma, version 0.1.
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Copyright (C) 2010 Niels Serup
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
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Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
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Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and
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no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
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section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
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This document is also available under the terms of the Creative
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Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (or any later version)
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Unported license. A copy of the license is available at
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`http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode'.
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="node">
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<a name="Operators"></a>
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<p>
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Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Numbers.html#Numbers">Numbers</a>,
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Language.html#Language">Language</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Language.html#Language">Language</a>
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<hr>
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</div>
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<h3 class="section">2.1 Operators</h3>
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<p><a name="index-operators-2"></a>Enigma has 4 operators: <code>!</code>, <code>=</code>, <code>|</code>, and
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<code>*</code>. <code>!</code> and <code>=</code> are the most important ones.
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<p>To assign values to variables, use the <code>=</code> operator. For example:
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<pre class="verbatim">obj = hello-string;
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</pre>
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Here, the variable <code>hello-string</code> receives the object <code>obj</code>. Note
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the syntax. The objects comes first. Unless <code>hello-string</code> is
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already defined, it is created as a local variable.
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<p>Now, say we have a function called <code>think</code> and we want to send
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objects to it. This is how that's done:
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<pre class="verbatim">obj1 obj2 obj3 ! think;
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</pre>
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<p>There are no limits to the amount of objects that can be sent to a
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function. Whitespace characters are used to separate objects, also when
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assigning them to a variable. There <em>is</em> a difference between
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using one object and more objects as arguments, though. When using only
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one object, that object is simply used, but when using more objects, a
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list containing all objects is created and transmitted instead. So, in
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reality, when assigning two or more objects to a variable, the variable
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points to a list with the objects. More about lists later.
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<p>The <code>|</code> operator is merely a shortcut operator. It can merge
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several commands into one, long command. See the following example:
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<pre class="verbatim"># Long version
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a ! b = c;
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d c ! e = c;
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# Short version
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a ! b | d temp ! e = c;
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</pre>
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<p>Here, <code>a</code> is sent to <code>b</code>, which is then — together with
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<code>d</code> — sent to <code>e</code> and saved in <code>c</code>. The <code>|</code> acts
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like the semicolon, but it copies the return value of the last function
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(in this case <code>b</code>) and stores the value in the local variable
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<code>temp</code>. Hackers are encouraged to use this operator.
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<p>The final operator, <code>*</code>, has the same function as <code>=</code>, except
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that it works on a global level. So, if the code is <code>b = a;</code> and
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<code>a</code> does not exist, it is created — in the global space.
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</body></html>
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